Bauxite Residue

The solid waste material remaining after alumina extraction from bauxite during the Bayer process, commonly known as red mud due to its characteristic red-brown colour from iron oxide content. Bauxite residue is an alkaline, fine-grained material requiring careful management in dedicated storage facilities. It contains residual aluminium, iron, titanium, silica, and trace metals. Environmental management focuses on reducing alkalinity, preventing seepage into groundwater, and finding beneficial uses such as soil amendment, construction materials, or metal recovery.