Bench Mining

An open pit mining method in which the ore body and surrounding waste rock are extracted in a series of horizontal levels or benches, progressing downward as mining advances. Each bench is drilled, blasted, and excavated before proceeding to the next level, creating a stepped pit wall profile. Bench mining is the predominant surface mining method for bauxite, iron ore, and many gold deposits. It allows selective extraction of ore from waste, efficient equipment use, and progressive management of pit wall stability and safety.